Aerospace Metallurgy

Grade 2 & Grade 5 Titanium Precision Manufacturing

Aerospace-grade titanium manufacturing for ultra-lightweight tool watches, sports luxury bezels, and hypoallergenic jewelry. We machine Commercially Pure Grade 2 for ductile components and heat-treated Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) for ultra-rigid, scratch-resistant timepieces offering a 45% weight reduction compared to stainless steel.

Material Benchmark

  • Alloy Spectrum Grade 2 Commercially Pure & Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V)
  • Density Benchmark 4.43 g/cm³ (45% lighter than stainless steel)
  • Vickers Hardness (Gr5) 330 to 360 HV (Significantly harder than 316L)
  • Yield Strength (Gr5) 880 MPa minimum (Exceptional tensile toughness)
  • Biocompatibility 100% hypoallergenic, zero nickel content, bio-inert
  • Thermal Conductivity Low thermal dissipation; comfortable against skin
  • Machining Cooling High-pressure continuous synthetic oil cooling
  • Finishing Options Matte micro-sandblast, satin grain, diamond polish
Technical Scope

Titanium Alloy Grades & Technical Execution

Selecting the exact titanium alloy tailored for structural toughness or intricate artistic engraving.

High-Strength Tool Watches

Grade 5 Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V)

The aerospace flagship alloy composed of 90% titanium, 6% aluminum, and 4% vanadium. Possesses double the tensile strength of stainless steel and takes a crisp, razor-sharp polish on case bevels.

  • Hardness 350 HV (High scratch resistance)
  • Yield Strength > 830 MPa
  • Machinability Requires specialized carbide geometry
Ductile Precision

Grade 2 Commercially Pure Titanium

Unalloyed pure titanium offering maximum corrosion immunity in seawater and superior ductility for stamped casebacks, curved dial accents, and comfortable lightweight wedding bands.

  • Titanium Purity > 99.2% Pure Ti
  • Formability Cold stamping & deep drawing
  • Skin Neutrality Used in biomedical surgical implants
Surface Hardening

Hardened Titanium & DLC Processing

Deep surface diffusion hardening (Kolsterising) and physical vapor deposition coatings that elevate the outer surface hardness up to 1,200 HV, eliminating minor desk-diving swirl marks.

  • Diffusion Layer 15 to 30 µm case depth
  • Surface Hardness Up to 1,200 HV Vickers
  • Color Preservation Matches natural titanium gunmetal tone
Material Benchmarks

Titanium Grade 2 vs Grade 5 vs 316L Steel Comparison

Strict chemical composition limits and mechanical standards applied across every production batch.

Property Metric Grade 2 (CP Ti) Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) 316L Stainless Steel
Density (g/cm³) 4.51 g/cm³ 4.43 g/cm³ 8.00 g/cm³ (80% heavier)
Tensile Strength (MPa) 345 MPa 950 MPa 580 MPa
Vickers Hardness (HV) 160 to 200 HV 330 to 360 HV 200 to 220 HV
Corrosion in Seawater Virtually immune Virtually immune High resistance (PREN 24)
Polishability Response Warm satin grey finish Brilliant optical mirror bevels Ultra-bright reflective mirror finish
Manufacturing Protocol

Precision Processing Workflow

From raw ingot spectral audit to cleanroom quality inspection, our engineering workflow ensures strict metallurgical repeatability.

PHASE 01

Raw Stock Spectrometry Audit

Incoming billets undergo handheld XRF spectral testing and optical emission analysis to confirm chemical composition and low carbon/gas content before sawing.

PHASE 02

Multi-Axis CNC Machining

Components are machined on high-rigidity Japanese 5-axis machining centers with high-pressure synthetic flood coolant to prevent work hardening and surface micro-tears.

PHASE 03

Artisanal Finishing & Lapping

Components undergo specialized compound buffing, satin graining, and diamond micro-lapping to create distortion-free optical mirror bevels and crisp transition lines.

PHASE 04

Passivation & Biocompatibility QC

Finished components undergo automated ultrasonic degreasing, chemical passivation, and salt-spray testing to verify hypoallergenic skin contact performance.

Technical Guidance

Frequently Asked Questions

Common technical and manufacturing questions regarding this material grade, tooling requirements, and finishing capabilities.

Why is Grade 5 titanium more challenging to CNC machine than steel?

Grade 5 titanium has low thermal conductivity, meaning heat generated during cutting does not disperse into chips but concentrates at the tool edge. We overcome this using specialized solid-carbide endmills with PVD AlCrN coatings and high-pressure flood coolant delivery.

Can Grade 5 titanium be mirror polished like stainless steel?

Yes. While Grade 2 titanium yields a soft satin or matte blasted luster, Grade 5 contains aluminum and vanadium which tightens the crystal grain structure, allowing our master polishers to achieve high-contrast optical mirror chamfers.

Is titanium completely hypoallergenic?

Yes. Titanium is chemically inert in the human body and immediately forms a biocompatible titanium dioxide (TiO2) oxide film. It contains zero nickel, cobalt, or toxic allergens, making it the ideal choice for sensitive skin.

How much lighter is a titanium watch compared to a steel watch?

A complete titanium watch case and bracelet assembly weighs approximately 45% less than the exact same model manufactured in 316L stainless steel, drastically enhancing everyday wrist comfort.

Start Your Production Project

Bring Horological Precision to Your Decor Line

Send us your 3D concept designs, component blueprints, or sample references. Our engineering desk will deliver an exhaustive DFM analysis, tooling budget, and quotation within 24 business hours.

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